In multicast routing, each involved router needs to construct a shortest path tree for ____________
In multicast routing, each involved router needs to construct a shortest path tree for ____________
Host-specific routing is used for purposes such as checking the route or providing ______________
Host-specific routing is used for purposes such as checking the route or providing ______________
In the updating process of distance vector routing, the new route has distance ___________
In the updating process of distance vector routing, the new route has distance ___________
Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) is used in sparse multicast environment such as _____________
Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) is used in sparse multicast environment such as _____________
A small local ISP is an example of______________
A small local ISP is an example of______________
In Unicast Routing, the next-node column defines the address of the router to which the packet is to be sent to reach its ____________
In Unicast Routing, the next-node column defines the address of the router to which the packet is to be sent to reach its ____________
In RIP, to send a packet to one of the three networks at the far left, router R1 needs to deliver the packet to _____________
In RIP, to send a packet to one of the three networks at the far left, router R1 needs to deliver the packet to _____________
Reverse Path Broadcasting (RPB) guarantees that the packet reaches every ____________
Reverse Path Broadcasting (RPB) guarantees that the packet reaches every ____________
A stub link is a network that is connected to______________
A stub link is a network that is connected to______________
The autonomous system has _____________
The autonomous system has _____________
Reverse Path Multicasting (RPM) is used to increase_____________
Reverse Path Multicasting (RPM) is used to increase_____________
The routing technique that uses a source-based tree approach is _______
The routing technique that uses a source-based tree approach is _______
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) first time appeared in ______________
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) first time appeared in ______________
Next-Hop Method is used to reduce the contents of a _________________
Next-Hop Method is used to reduce the contents of a _________________
For multicasting between two noncontiguous multicast routers, we make a multicast backbone (MBONE) to enable _______________
For multicasting between two noncontiguous multicast routers, we make a multicast backbone (MBONE) to enable _______________
In multicast routing, when a router receives a packet to forward, it needs to find the shortest path to the _______________
In multicast routing, when a router receives a packet to forward, it needs to find the shortest path to the _______________
In Unicast Routing, the disadvantage of the distance vector routing is _____________
In Unicast Routing, the disadvantage of the distance vector routing is _____________
In Unicast Routing, each node uses the same topology to create a routing table and the routing table for each node is ________________
In Unicast Routing, each node uses the same topology to create a routing table and the routing table for each node is ________________
RIP stands for ____________
RIP stands for ____________
The graft message forces the upstream router to resume sending the________
The graft message forces the upstream router to resume sending the________